控制合成纤维状碱式硫酸镁晶须的研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

卢会刚  乃学瑛  边绍菊  朱东海  宋爽洁  李武 《盐湖研究》2011,19(3):61-66

以硫酸镁和氢氧化钠为原料,通过水热法合成了碱式硫酸镁晶须5Mg(OH)2.MgSO4.2H2O(简称512MOS)。考察了前驱体制备方法、反应时间、反应温度以及形貌控制剂EDTA对碱式硫酸镁晶须形貌的影响,得出了较佳合成条件。研究结果表明,以固体氢氧化钠制备前驱体,在较低的温度下进行水热反应,可以获得形貌较好的晶须。添加EDTA可以改善晶须形貌,减少扇形晶须的出现。在较佳条件下制备的碱式硫酸镁晶须平均长度约40μm,平均直径约0.4μm,长径比达到100左右。XRD和化学分析显示产物组成为512MOS。SEM照片显示产物形貌为单根纤维状,表面光滑,有柔性弯曲现象。  相似文献   

盐场卤水成色原因分析及脱色方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘建超  张永刚  刘立平  任杰 《盐湖研究》2011,19(4):28-33

以天津汉沽盐场高镁卤水为研究对象,对其杂质形式、成色原因进行了系统分析。研究表明,卤水中的成色物质主要是大量的饱和脂类、羧酸类、醇醚类、胺类及不饱和的芳烃类、醛酮类、烯烃类等有机物质,经过氧化氢氧化-氢氧化锆吸附联合脱色工艺后,卤水色度及CODCr去除率分别可达99%和85%,镁离子的损失率可控制在1%以下,吸附剂氢氧化锆经脱附再生后可循环使用,大大降低了工艺运行成本。  相似文献   

氯氧镁胶凝材料中总氯离子的测定：（I）预处理方法          下载免费PDF全文

李颖  余红发  王梅娟  董金美 《盐湖研究》2011,19(3):37-42

氯氧镁胶凝材料的总Cl-含量是衡量产品吸潮、返卤和泛霜性能的关键指标之一。讨论了样品粉碎方式及硝酸酸溶浸取条件对样品中总Cl-测定的影响,并用优化后的预处理方法和台湾标准CNS14164方法对样品中总Cl-含量进行了分析。结果表明,手工研磨样品比机械粉碎样品中的总Cl-测定值偏高0.37%,相对偏差为3.91%;硝酸浓度对总Cl-的浸取有一定影响。经优化后的预处理方法为,取1 g用机械粉碎至88μm的粉末样品,用40 mL体积比为15/85的稀硝酸浸取20 min,再过滤洗涤得到待分析液。优化预处理方法后,测定Cl-的相对误差在0.44%以内,且有利于后续的滴定分析操作,精密度和准确度均优于CNS14164方法。  相似文献   

白云石半焙烧物中游离氧化钙的测定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

董茹  王明英  张全有  张志宏  常成功  肖学英 《盐湖研究》2011,19(2):25-28

介绍了一种测定白云石半焙烧产物中游离氧化钙的方法,采用氯化镁溶液将氧化钙浸取为可溶性钙盐,进而用EDTA标准溶液滴定。该方法不同于传统的测定方法,其操作简单,分析快速,测定准确时间短,结果重现性好,适合白云石焙烧控制分析。  相似文献   

锰的氧化物和氢氧化物在污染水体净化中的应用研究现状   总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17  

高翔  鲁安怀  郑辙  郑喜坤  秦善 《矿物岩石》2002,22(1):77-82

经过对锰的氧化物和氢氧化物在净化污染水体中的应用综合研究，发现该氧化物和氢氧化物样品能有效去除污染水体中的有毒有害金属离子和 氧化降解苯酚、2－丙醇、苯及印染废水等有机物，其污染净化能力主要是基于表面络合反应、表面离子交换作用和变价元素的氧化还原作用。同时介绍了锰氧化物和氢氧化物所具有的4个环境属性；离子交换、氧化还原、粒径效应和孔道效应，提出将结构特征与环境化学有机结合，深入探讨其环境属性与污染净化能力之间的关系是目前主要的研究方向。  相似文献   

水库渗漏水中氢氧化铁的矿化特征   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

孙振亚  车遥  彭长琪  牟善彬  陈和生 《岩石矿物学杂志》2001,20(4):405-408

对富水水库大坝渗漏水和析出物进行了分析和研究。析出物的主要成分为Fe2O3，并含少量Al2O3和SiO2，铁质析出物的XRD、IR、SEM和TEM分析表明，氢氧化铁的结晶程度较低，主要结晶相为针铁矿，其次为少量伊利石、蒙脱石和石英。电子显微分析观察到在非晶质氢氧化铁凝胶团和亚微米级微粒聚集体中存在特殊的显微管状和螺旋状针铁矿，显示出明显的生物矿化特征。  相似文献   

盐湖卤水体系Li~＋，Mg~（2＋）／Cl~－，SO_4~（2－），borate   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙柏  宋彭生  杜宪惠 《盐湖研究》1994,(4)

本文总结了作者对盐卤硼酸盐体系Ｌｉ＋，Ｍｇ２＋／Ｃｌ－，ＳＯ４２－，Ｂ４Ｏ７（２－）－Ｈ２Ｏ研究的结果，对该体系涉及的硼酸盐的合成、鉴定和性质进行了研究，并对这些盐在纯水及一些盐溶液中的存在形式进行了初步探索．完成了该体系所包含的一些次级体系的相平衡及溶液物化性质的研究．提出了一种镁硼酸盐Ｍｇ２Ｂ６Ｏ（１１）·１７Ｈ２Ｏ的新合成方法．首次发现三方硼镁石在水中的相转化是分两个阶段进行，从而证明了尼古拉耶夫在２５℃ＭｇＯ—Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ｈ２Ｏ体系研究中三方硼镁石与章氏硼镁石的共饱点，实际上是三方硼镁石向多水硼镁石发生相转化的一个动力学的平衡点，热力学的个稳点的观点．  相似文献   

A Routine Method for Oxide and Hydroxide Interference Corrections in ICP-MS Chemical Analysis of Environmental and Geological Samples     

Sébastien Aries  Michel Valladon  Mireille Polvé  Bernard Dupré 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2000,24(1):19-31

Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry has revolutionized the field of multi-elemental analysis because of its high sensitivity and speed of analysis. However, problems with polyatomic ion interferences during routine analysis can give rise to inaccuracies. We propose a method that systematically corrects for oxide and hydroxide interferences in routine analysis, for a wide range of materials. Oxide and hydroxide production for a specified element is calculated from measurements on each sample, as levels may depend on sample composition and may also vary with time. We show that oxide and hydroxide interferences can then be calculated for other elements, by reference to a set of oxide and hydroxide ratios measured on standard solutions. Validity of correction is controlled by internal tests involving two isotopes of one element with respect to experimental errors. The limits and validity of this approach are demonstrated with the analysis of selected reference materials.  相似文献   

Geochemical demobilization of metallic pollutants in solid waste—implications for arsenic in waterworks sludges     

U. Frstner  I. Haase 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》1998,62(1-3)

During stabilization or demobilization of contaminants in solid waste materials, different approaches can be taken, which also can be combined: (1) sufficient long-term buffer capacity can be provided, according to the environmental conditions; (2) permeability for dissolved contaminants can be reduced by secondary mineral precipitations or by soft gels injected into the pore space of the waste body; and (3) new formations of ‘reservoir minerals' can incorporate potential pollutants in their internal structure. Emphasizing the geochemical engineering approach, two examples are presented from the field of water management, both focussing on the demobilization of arsenic species. The first example (after Driehaus, W., 1994. Arsenentfernung mit Mangandioxid und Eisenhydroxid in der Trinkwasseraufbereitung. Vol. 133, Ser. 15, VDI-Reports, Düsseldorf, 117 pp.) relates to the problems during purification of arsenic-rich raw water, suggesting the potential application of iron and manganese oxide minerals as oxidizing agents and mineral lattice structures for the elimination of arsenic. In the second example, contaminated sludges from water treatment plants were investigated for their leaching characteristics and long-term stability. A pH-stat test procedure was used to assess the leaching characteristics of metals at typical pH values. Due to the presence of iron and manganese oxides pentavalent arsenic is protected against conversion into the mobile trivalent form at neutral to low pH. Experimental data suggest that co-disposal with reducing organic matter and alkaline stabilization material or wastes could negatively influence the binding properties and, therefore, should be avoided.  相似文献   

Field observations on the production of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) under high concentrations of water-borne iron     

W. Steffens  Th. Mattheis  M. Riedel 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1993,55(3):173-178

Effluents from brown coal mines are frequently rich in iron, the water being red-brown in colour and turbid. For several years a fish farm in the Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany) has used such mine effluents for rearing rainbow trout. The total iron content of this water varies between 5 and 10 mg/l with pH ranging from 6.7 to 7.4. Water turbidity is high with a transparency of 10 to 40 cm at the most due to the substantial ferric hydroxide concentrations. Until 1989 trout have been reared in net cages within concrete settling basins destined for settling the ferric hydroxide mud. The cages were stocked with fingerlings in autumn, reaching portion size in the spring of the following year. Specific growth rate was 0.98% per day, comparable to that of trout in another farm unpolluted by iron but stocked at higher densities. The results show that fingerling rainbow trout may live in water containing more than 5 mg/l total iron but in the absence of Fe²⁺. These concentrations of water-borne iron seem to have only a limited detrimental effect on fish growth and feed conversion and do not prevent trout culture in principle.  相似文献